What Is the Ruling of Tajwid, and Is It Sinful to Omit Tajwid Rules So One Can Fit with the Maqam?

Answered by Mawlana Ilyas Patel

Question

Which of the Tajwid rules is Wajib, and which is merely Sunna?

Is it a sin to omit some of the Tajwid rules if it does not fit with the maqam?

Are there different rulings in prayer and outside?

Answer

In the Name of Allah, the Most Merciful and Compassionate

I pray you are in good faith and health.

The knowledge of the science of Tajwid rules is communal (fard kifaya), and it is a personal obligation (fard ‘Ayn) to correctly recite the pronunciation of letters each Muslim, male and female.

There are two types of errors related to the Quran. One is major; the other is minor.

Significant errors are when one letter is changed to another, and a letter is added or omitted, a sakin letter is made mutaharrik, etc. This is haram, and the reciter will be sinful.

Minor errors are when the rules regarding the beautification of the letters are not followed, like not following the Nun sakin and Tanwin rules, Lam and Ra rules, etc. If this type of error occurs, then it is disliked.

Reciting the Quran with Tajwid without major and minor errors should take precedence over fitting in with maqam.

The Quran in prayer is recited silently, such that the person can hear himself or minimally that one’s lips and tongue move. However, when Quran is recited loudly in a congregational prayer, or individually in loud prayers, one should recite with Tajwid rules without any significant errors. [Abdur Rahman Makki, Fawaid Makkiya]

Check this link as well:
tajweed Archives – SeekersGuidance

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I pray this helps with your question.

[Mawlana] Ilyas Patel
Checked and Approved by Shaykh Faraz Rabbani